Inkcitho ye-semiconductor inkcitho inqabile ngo-2024

UMongameli wase-US Joe Biden ngolwesiThathu ubhengeze isivumelwano sokubonelela nge-Intel nge- $ 8.5 yezigidigidi kwinkxaso-mali ethe ngqo kwimali mboleko kunye nezaziso. I-Intel izakusebenzisa i-FOBS e-Arizona, eOhio, eNew Mexico kunye ne-OREGON. Njengoko besichazile kwincwadana yethu ye-20 kaDisemba, umThetho we-chips ubonelela ngebhiliyoni ye- $ 52.7 ye- $ 52.7 yezigidi zeedola ze-US ze-US ye-US Phambi kweGranti ye-Intel, umthetho we-chips ubhengeze i-Fitlion ye- $ 1.7 yezigidi zeedola kwinkxaso-mali yehlabathi, itekhnoloji ye-microchip kunye neenkqubo ze-semiconductor, ngokombutho we-semiconductor (we-SIA).

Ulwabiwo oluphantsi koMthetho we-chips luye lwashukuma kancinci, ngolwabiwo lokuqala alubhengezwanga de kube kungaphezulu konyaka emva kokudlula. Ezinye iiprojekthi ezinkulu ze-US zilibaziseka ngenxa yeentlawulo ezicothayo. I-Tsmc iqaphele ukuba kwakunzima ukufumana abasebenzi bokwakha abafanelekileyo. I-Intel yathi ukulibaziseka kwakufuneka ngenxa yokuthengisa okuthobayo.

Amanye amazwe abelwe imali yokukhuthaza ukuveliswa kwe-semicondcuctor. NgoSeptemba 2023, i-European Union yamkela i-European Act, ebonelela nge-Euroli ye-43 yezigidi zeedola) zotyalo-mali loluntu kunye notyalo-mali lwabucala kwimveliso ye-semicondcuctor. NgoNovemba 2023, iJapan yabela i-2 trillion yen (i-13 yeebhiliyoni) yemveliso ye-semicondcuction. I-Taiwan yafumana umthetho ngoJanuwari 2024 ukubonelela ngekhefu lerhafu lweenkampani ze-semicondctor. I-South Korea iphumelele iBhili ngo-Matshi 2023 ukubonelela ngekhefu lerhafu yobuchwephesha obucokisekileyo, kubandakanya i-semicondyudis. I-China kulindeleke ukuba icwangcise i-40 yeebhiliyoni zikarhulumente ezixhaswe ngurhulumente ukuze incedise kumzi-mveliso wayo we-semicondcuctor.

Ithini i-Outlook yeNkcitho yeNtloko (i-Capex) kwishishini le-semicondcuctor kulo nyaka? Umthetho we-chips yenzelwe ukukhuthaza inkcitho yemali, kodwa uninzi lwempembelelo aluyi kuvakala kude kube emva kwe-2024. Imakethi emininzi inesidima malunga nenkcitho yemali nge-2024. SiseSomiconductor qikelela i-Semiconductor ye-Semicontu ye-2023 nge- $ 169 yezigidigidi, ezantsi kwi-20% ukusuka kwi-2022. Siqiqa nge-2% kwinkcitho yemali kwi-2024.

Umyinge wenkcitho ye-semiconductor ye-semiconductor krakra yokuthengisa ubungakanani bamanqanaba ukusuka kwi-34% ukuya kwi-12%. Umndilili weminyaka emihlanu uphakathi kwe-28% ne-18%. Ixesha lonke ukusuka ku-1980 ukuya ku-2023, inkcitho ye-capital imele i-23% yentengiso ye-semicondcuctor. Ngaphandle kokuzinza, inyathelo lexesha elide lomlinganiso lingangqinelani. Ngokusekwe ekukhuleni kwemakethi eqinileyo yentengiso kunye nokuhla kwe-Capex, silindele ukuba i-ratior iwele ukusuka kwi-32% ngo-2023 ukuya kwi-2723 ukuya kwi-27% ngo-2024.

Uninzi loqikelelo lokukhula kwentengiso ye-semicondcuctor ngo-2024 kuluhlu lwe-13% ukuya kwi-20%. I-Semiconductor yethu ye-semicondunce i-18%. Ukuba i-2024 yokusebenza yomelele njengoko kulindelwe, iNkampani inokunyusa izicwangciso zayo zenkcitho ngokuhamba kwexesha. Singabona utshintsho oluqinisekileyo kwi-semicontuctor capex ngo-2024.