Inkcitho ye-Semiconductor capital yehla ngo-2024

Umongameli wase-US uJoe Biden ngoLwesithathu ubhengeze isivumelwano sokubonelela i-Intel nge-8.5 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi kwinkxaso-mali ngqo kunye ne-11 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi kwimali-mboleko phantsi koMthetho weChip kunye neSayensi.I-Intel iya kusebenzisa imali kwiifabs eArizona, Ohio, New Mexico naseOregon.Njengoko siye saxela kwincwadana yethu kaDisemba ka-2023, uMthetho we-CHIPS ubonelela ngeedola ezingama-52.7 eebhiliyoni zizonke kushishino lwe-semiconductor yase-US, kuquka i-39 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi kwinkuthazo yokwenziwa kwemveliso.Ngaphambi kwesibonelelo se-Intel, i-CHIPS Act yayibhengeze i-1.7 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi kwizibonelelo kwi-GlobalFoundries, i-Microchip Technology kunye ne-BAE Systems, ngokutsho kweSemiconductor Industry Association (SIA).

Ulwabiwo phantsi koMthetho we-CHIPS luhambe kancinane, kwaye ulwabiwo lokuqala aluzange lubhengezwe kude kube ngaphezu konyaka emva kokugqithiswa kwalo.Ezinye iiprojekthi ezinkulu zase-US ziye zalibaziseka ngenxa yeentlawulo ezicothayo.I-TSMC ikwaqaphele ukuba kwakunzima ukufumana abasebenzi bokwakha abaqeqeshiweyo.U-Intel uthe ukulibaziseka kubangelwe kukucotha kwentengiso.

Amanye amazwe nawo abele imali yokukhulisa imveliso yesemiconductor.NgoSeptemba ka-2023, iManyano yaseYurophu yamkele uMthetho weChip yaseYurophu, obonelela ngeebhiliyoni ezingama-43 zeerandi (iibhiliyoni ezingama-47 zeedola) kutyalo-mali lukarhulumente nolwabucala kwishishini le-semiconductor.NgoNovemba ka-2023, iJapan yabele i-2 yezigidi zezigidi zeedola (i-13 yeebhiliyoni zeedola) ukwenza i-semiconductor.I-Taiwan iphumeze umthetho ngoJanuwari 2024 ukunika ikhefu lerhafu kwiinkampani zesemiconductor.UMzantsi Korea upasise umthetho oyilwayo ngoMatshi ngo-2023 ukubonelela ngekhefu lerhafu kwiitekhnoloji ezicwangcisiweyo, kubandakanya ne-semiconductors.I-China kulindeleke ukuba iseke ingxowa-mali ye-40 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi ezixhaswa ngurhulumente ukuxhasa ishishini layo le-semiconductor.

Ithini imbonakalo yenkcitho enkulu (CapEx) kushishino lwesemiconductor kulo nyaka?I-CHIPS Act yenzelwe ukuvuselela inkcitho eyinkunzi, kodwa uninzi lweempembelelo aziyi kuvakala kude kube semva kuka-2024. Imarike ye-semiconductor yehle nge-8.2 yepesenti edanisayo kunyaka ophelileyo, kwaye iinkampani ezininzi zilumkile malunga nenkcitho eyinkunzi ngo-2024. Thina kwi-Semiconductor Intelligence Uqikelelo lulonke lwe-semiconductor capex ngo-2023 kwi-169 yeebhiliyoni zeedola, phantsi nge-7% ukusuka ku-2022.

Umlinganiselo wenkcitho ye-semiconductor eyinkunzi kubungakanani bemarike usukela kumphezulu wama-34% ukuya kutsho ngaphantsi kwe-12%.Umyinge weminyaka emihlanu uphakathi kwama-28% kunye ne-18%.Kulo lonke ixesha ukusuka kwi-1980 ukuya ku-2023, inkcitho yemali iyonke imele i-23% yemarike ye-semiconductor.Ngaphandle kokuguquguquka, ukuthambekela kwexesha elide lomlinganiselo kuye kwahambelana ngokufanelekileyo.Ngokusekwe kuhlumo olomeleleyo lwemarike kunye nokuncipha kwe-capex, silindele ukuba umlinganiselo wehle ukusuka kwi-32% ngo-2023 ukuya kuma-27% ngo-2024.

Uninzi lweengqikelelo zokukhula kwemarike ye-semiconductor ngo-2024 zikuluhlu lwe-13% ukuya kuma-20%.Uqikelelo lwethu lobuntlola besemiconductor yi-18%.Ukuba ukusebenza kuka-2024 kunamandla njengoko kulindelekile, inkampani inokunyusa izicwangciso zayo zenkcitho enkulu ngokuhamba kwexesha.Sinokubona utshintsho oluhle kwi-semiconductor capex ngo-2024.